The two leaders held talks at Amman's Raghadan Palace, according to separate statements issued by both the Egyptian presidency and the Jordanian Royal Court.
Al-Sisi and King Abdullah met for talks before being joined later by officials from their respective countries, Egyptian presidential spokesman Alaa Youssef said.
He said al-Sisi had lauded Jordan's support for Egypt, noting that King Abdullah had underlined his country's support for Egypt and its "leading role in the Arab and Middle East region."
"Egypt and Jordan stressed their keenness on bolstering bilateral relations on all fronts, especially the economic and political fronts," Youssef said.
The two leaders also exchanged views on peacemaking efforts between Palestinians and Israelis and an Arab draft resolution that should be submitted to the UN Security Council to demand a timetable for Israel's withdrawal from occupied Palestinian territories, according to the Egyptian and the Jordanian statements.
They added that the two leaders had called on international sponsors of the peace process to work on fostering the appropriate atmosphere for reviving peace talks.
Al-Sisi's visit to Jordan comes hard on the heels of the death on Wednesday of a senior Palestine Liberation Organization official in the occupied West Bank during clashes with Israeli troops.
The Egyptian and Jordanian leaders also agreed on the need for a political solution to the Syrian crisis – one that preserves the unity of Syrian territory and Syria's security, the statements said.
Al-Sisi returned to Egypt soon after wrapping up his visit to Jordan. King Abdullah bade farewell to the Egyptian president at Amman's Marka military airport.
It was al-Sisi's first visit to Jordan since he assumed the presidency in June of this year.
King Abdullah II paid a visit to Cairo late last month before heading to Washington where he called on U.S. officials to support Egypt and allow it to play its "important and central role in the region."